Author(s)
Shashank Gupta, Reza Moini
Abstract
In the quest to improve fracture toughness in engineering materials like concrete, nature provides valuable inspiration. Bio-inspired tubular architectures mimic natural materials like bone and teeth, which combine high strength with exceptional fracture resistance. This is achieved through intricate designs that redirect cracks and promote resilience in structures.
Concrete, despite its widespread use, suffers from low fracture toughness due to its inability to dissipate energy effectively. By integrating tubular voids into the material, engineers can introduce crack deflection, a mechanism that allows stepwise cracking rather than sudden, brittle failure. This approach draws inspiration from the microstructure of cortical bone, where osteons are surrounded by weak cement lines that help redirect and mitigate cracks. These natural toughening mechanisms are applied to engineering solutions, such as cement-based materials, to create more durable structures.
Studies show that tubular architectures, especially those based on elliptical and circular designs, significantly increase fracture toughness without compromising structural integrity. This method demonstrates the potential to revolutionize concrete design by promoting gradual crack propagation and improving energy absorption during stress. The findings suggest that adopting bio-inspired designs in construction materials can enhance resilience, making structures more sustainable and longer-lasting.
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